Chapter 8 Quiz Videos  Art

Part 1: Genes, Chromosomes, and Heredity Chromosome Mutations Review
  1. Variations in chromosome number can arise from , in which chromosomes or chromatids fail to disjoin during .
     
     
     
     
  2. for anything other than the chromosome is often fatal. In monosomy, such as syndrome, only a section of a chromosome is lost.
     
     
     
     
  3. usually exhibits less severe effects than monosomy; many plants can be viable in this state.
     
     
     
     
  4. A trisomic cell shows irregular pairing during : the 3 chromosomes may synapse to form a .
     
     
     
     
  5. In humans, trisomy of chromosome 21 results in syndrome, usually caused by nondisjunction of the chromosome 21 during meiosis.
     
     
     
     
  6. Other examples of trisomy syndromes are Patau syndrome (trisomy ) and Edwards syndrome (trisomy ).
     
     
     
     
  7. Polyploidy (more than 2 haploid sets of chromosomes) occurs mostly in plants, and can be either or , and sometimes .
     
     
     
     
  8. Amphidiploid plants can also be produced by cell hybridization.
     
     
     
     
  9. Rearrangements of chromosome segments include , , , and .
     
     
     
     
  10. A chromosome (or a deficiency) can occur near one end ( deletion ) or from the interior of the chromosome ( deletion ).
     
     
     
     
    • A deletion in recessive mutants may exhibit in a heterozygote.
     
     
     
     
  11. A is a repeated segment of DNA caused by crossing over during meiosis or through a replication error prior to meiosis.
     
     
     
     
    • A duplicated gene may exhibit phenotypic variations in genes that exhibit
     
     
     
     
  12. An involves a rearrangement of the linear gene sequence and may arise from chromosomal ; the inversion can be paracentric or pericentri .
     
     
     
     
  13. is a movement of a chromosomal segment to a new location in the genome.
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
  14. Some chromosome sites are and susceptible to breakage, causing disorders such as Fragile syndrome, which is the most common form of inherited mental retardation.
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
bio3400 Home +space -space Oct 16, 2008 Print Print