Bio3400
Chapter 9
Extranuclear Inheritance
Extranuclear factors can often influence phenotype. One such factor is
heredity.
Some traits of photosynthetic organisms can be
inherited
through the
, which contains its own
DNA.
Another
organelle
capable of transmitting traits is the
, which also has its own
DNA,
and exhibits
inheritance.
The
origin
of
chloroplasts
and
mitochondria
was probably
of free-living bacteria, and these organelles retained their prokaryote-like
, double-stranded
DNA.
Mutation in an organelle may result in
, where an individual has cells with a mixture of normal and abnormal
organelles.
heredity results from the
association between a
host
cell and an invading microorganism or
particle.
Gene products in the cytoplasm of the egg may also determine an offspring's phenotype due to maternal
(maternal
). The effect may be
temporary
or
permanent.